2023
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Empowering Change Through Participatory Democracy Online
2023.
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title = {Empowering Change Through Participatory Democracy},
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year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-01},
booktitle = {Empowering Change Through Participatory Democracy: Reimagining the future of democratic engagement and collective decision-making},
publisher = {Ashoka},
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
A European Dream About Polish Dreams Book Chapter
In: Kisilowski, Maciej; Wojciuk, Anna (Ed.): Let's Agree on Poland, Znak Publishing, 2023.
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title = {A European Dream About Polish Dreams},
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Lempereur, Alain; Bradley, Adrien; Bindi, Costanza; Ifwanga, Tyala; Tegas, Sarah
COP35 - a mega negotiation game Online
2023, visited: 12.06.2023.
@online{Nicolaidïs2023,
title = {COP35 - a mega negotiation game},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs and Alain Lempereur and Adrien Bradley and Costanza Bindi and Tyala Ifwanga and Sarah Tegas},
url = {https://mitsloan.mit.edu/centers-initiatives/sustainability-initiative/making-progress-under-pressure-ii-how-c-roads-can-train-better-negotiators},
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
For a just and democratic climate transition Online
2023.
@online{Nicolaidïs2023b,
title = {For a just and democratic climate transition},
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
What do women dream about for the future of European democracy? Online
2023.
@online{nokey,
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Youngs, Richard
Reversing the Gaze: Can the EU Import Democracy from Others? Journal Article
In: JCMS 2023, pp. 1-17, 2023.
@article{nokey,
title = {Reversing the Gaze: Can the EU Import Democracy from Others?},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs and Richard Youngs},
url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/06/Reversing-the-Gaze-Can-the-EU-Import-Democracy-from-Others-JCMS-2023-Nicolaidis-Youngs.pdf},
doi = {10.1111/jcms.13477},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-00-00},
urldate = {2023-00-00},
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pages = {1-17},
abstract = {For over two decades, the EU has used a wide range of policy instruments to support democratic reform in third countries under the assumption that the rest of the world must learn from Euro- peans. This one-way democracy policy is out of tune with the times as political malaise spreads within the EU and as global geopolitics calls for genuine decolonial mindsets. In this contribution, we ask what it would take for the EU to reverse the democratic gaze. We argue that the EU could do more to open itself to the democratic innovations unfolding around the world where reformers have long been grappling with anti-democratic playbooks. We distinguish between three relevant realms, namely, that of power-sharing arrangements, democratic backsliding and regional mecha- nisms. We hope to offer a significant tweak to decolonization analysis and a political, normative supplement to this Special Issue’s concern with outside influences on the EU.},
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For over two decades, the EU has used a wide range of policy instruments to support democratic reform in third countries under the assumption that the rest of the world must learn from Euro- peans. This one-way democracy policy is out of tune with the times as political malaise spreads within the EU and as global geopolitics calls for genuine decolonial mindsets. In this contribution, we ask what it would take for the EU to reverse the democratic gaze. We argue that the EU could do more to open itself to the democratic innovations unfolding around the world where reformers have long been grappling with anti-democratic playbooks. We distinguish between three relevant realms, namely, that of power-sharing arrangements, democratic backsliding and regional mecha- nisms. We hope to offer a significant tweak to decolonization analysis and a political, normative supplement to this Special Issue’s concern with outside influences on the EU.
Azmanova, Albena; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Democracy with foresight: the key to a socially sustainable transition in Europe (and beyond) Book Chapter
In: Europe in transition – Towards sustainable resilience, The European Trade Union Institute (ETUI), 2023.
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date = {2023-00-00},
booktitle = {Europe in transition – Towards sustainable resilience},
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Weale, Albert; Lord, Christopher; Fossum, John Erik
Exceptionally exceptional? A postscript on Brexit in the guise of a conclusion Book Chapter
In: Fossum, John Erik; Lord, Christopher (Ed.): Handbook on the European Union and Brexit, pp. 504-517, 2023.
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
The Peoples Imagined: Constituting a Demoicratic European Polity Book Chapter
In: Komárek, Jan (Ed.): European Constitutional Imaginaries: Between Ideology and Utopia, Oxford University Press, 2023.
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Democratic respect in times of crisis: the case of the NextGenerationEU fund Book Chapter
In: Bongardt, Annette; Torres, Francisco (Ed.): The political economy of Europe’s future and identity: integration in crisis mode, European University Institute, 2023, ISBN: 9789294664754.
@inbook{Nicolaidïs2023e,
title = {Democratic respect in times of crisis: the case of the NextGenerationEU fund},
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url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/08/The_Political_Economy_of_Europes_Future_Book_2023.pdf},
doi = {10.2870/383521},
isbn = {9789294664754},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-00-00},
booktitle = {The political economy of Europe’s future and identity: integration in crisis mode},
issue = {2023},
publisher = {European University Institute},
abstract = {Today’s European Union (EU) finds itself in a permanent crisis mode – crises appear no longer sequentially and time distant but overlap and reinforce each other and even interact. If, as Jean Monnet put it, Europe will be forged in crises and as the sum of the solutions adopted for those crises, it is also true that multiple, major crises affecting the EU at the same time do not only stretch but risk to overwhelm its crisis response capacity. Yet, the EU needs to successfully address those crises to deliver results for its citizens and hold the ‘club’ together. There is also demand for some soul- and identity-searching, with a shared identity and values assuming special importance for facilitating collective action and leaps forward in times of crisis, such as at present, when the EU faces the need to stand by its values amidst Russia’s war on Ukraine while pursuing its main objectives and its current priorities for 2019-24, most notably the European Green Deal (EGD). Both – addressing multiple challenges and a shared identity – are fundamental for making the EU more resilient to shocks and European integration sustainable (and with a purpose) over time. And they are related.},
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Today’s European Union (EU) finds itself in a permanent crisis mode – crises appear no longer sequentially and time distant but overlap and reinforce each other and even interact. If, as Jean Monnet put it, Europe will be forged in crises and as the sum of the solutions adopted for those crises, it is also true that multiple, major crises affecting the EU at the same time do not only stretch but risk to overwhelm its crisis response capacity. Yet, the EU needs to successfully address those crises to deliver results for its citizens and hold the ‘club’ together. There is also demand for some soul- and identity-searching, with a shared identity and values assuming special importance for facilitating collective action and leaps forward in times of crisis, such as at present, when the EU faces the need to stand by its values amidst Russia’s war on Ukraine while pursuing its main objectives and its current priorities for 2019-24, most notably the European Green Deal (EGD). Both – addressing multiple challenges and a shared identity – are fundamental for making the EU more resilient to shocks and European integration sustainable (and with a purpose) over time. And they are related.
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Gjaldbaek-Sverdrup, Emilie; Hernández, Nicolás Palomo
“Technocratic democratisation” : what can we learn from the European Commission’s new generation European citizens’ panels? Working paper
2023, ISSN: 1028-3625.
@workingpaper{Nicolaidïs2023h,
title = {“Technocratic democratisation” : what can we learn from the European Commission’s new generation European citizens’ panels?},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs and Emilie Gjaldbaek-Sverdrup and Nicolás Palomo Hernández},
url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/12/RSC_WP_2023_65.pdf},
issn = {1028-3625},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-00-00},
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publisher = {European University Institute},
abstract = {This paper delves into the “new generation” European Citizens Panels (ECPs) convened by the European Commission during Spring 2023 on three issue areas, namely food waste, virtual worlds, and learning mobility. The analysis encompasses the genealogy, methodology, and achievements of the “new generation” ECPs, underscoring the inherently top-down nature of the process. The authors introduce the concept of “technocratic democratisation” to characterize a form of citizen engagement that, while moderately fostering democratic progress, is narrowly confined to the technocratic sphere and thus remains part of a broadly technocratic logic. The paper is based on and participant-observation methods (due to the participation of the authors as observers or as assistants to the facilitators during the ECPs) and unstructured interviews with panel participants. Issues discussed relato to both progress in relations to previously organised pannels under the Conference on the Future of Europe as well as limitations regarding design, citizen selection, expert choices, consensus bias, transparency, and the lack of connection to the public sphere, due to a great extent to the exclusively top-down character of the exercise in question. While opening up EU policy-making in an unprecedented manner, the process remains a technocratic one, reflecting the ever-present tension between the aspirations of a genuinely transformative exercise of deliberative democracy and the hesitation of the Commission to relinquish full control. However, despite its technocratic nature, the paper argues that these panels might contribute to incremental procedural enhancements in citizen engagement, therefore representing modest strides in a broader agenda of EU democratisation.},
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This paper delves into the “new generation” European Citizens Panels (ECPs) convened by the European Commission during Spring 2023 on three issue areas, namely food waste, virtual worlds, and learning mobility. The analysis encompasses the genealogy, methodology, and achievements of the “new generation” ECPs, underscoring the inherently top-down nature of the process. The authors introduce the concept of “technocratic democratisation” to characterize a form of citizen engagement that, while moderately fostering democratic progress, is narrowly confined to the technocratic sphere and thus remains part of a broadly technocratic logic. The paper is based on and participant-observation methods (due to the participation of the authors as observers or as assistants to the facilitators during the ECPs) and unstructured interviews with panel participants. Issues discussed relato to both progress in relations to previously organised pannels under the Conference on the Future of Europe as well as limitations regarding design, citizen selection, expert choices, consensus bias, transparency, and the lack of connection to the public sphere, due to a great extent to the exclusively top-down character of the exercise in question. While opening up EU policy-making in an unprecedented manner, the process remains a technocratic one, reflecting the ever-present tension between the aspirations of a genuinely transformative exercise of deliberative democracy and the hesitation of the Commission to relinquish full control. However, despite its technocratic nature, the paper argues that these panels might contribute to incremental procedural enhancements in citizen engagement, therefore representing modest strides in a broader agenda of EU democratisation.
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Liebert, Ulrike
Demoicratic theory: Bridging positive, critical and normative approaches to European studies Book Chapter
In: The Elgar companion to the European Union, 2023.
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2022
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Giovanardi, Michele
Global PeaceTech: Unlocking the Better Angels of our Techne Working paper
2022, ISSN: 1028-3625.
@workingpaper{Nicolaidïs2022c,
title = {Global PeaceTech: Unlocking the Better Angels of our Techne},
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year = {2022},
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abstract = {The double-edged nature of technology pervades human history. Today, the potential for peace offered by the internet, social networks, mobile devices, digital identities, AI, blockchain, big data, geospatial information, is matched by the risks of disinformation, polarisation, online violence, surveillance, data privacy, cyber-attacks, and power concentration. Faced with this knife-edge between the bright and dark sides of disruptive technologies, how do we conjure up the better angels of our nature? Many agents for change around the world have sought to employ and regulate new technologies to foster peaceful processes under the aegis of “PeaceTech” initiatives. This paper introduces “Global PeaceTech” as a new field of social inquiry in the context of International Relations and Global Affairs, with the aim of analysing the global context in which these initiatives are embedded and interconnected, in order to draw prescriptive lessons. The deployment of technology for peace entails legal, political, economic, and ethical dilemmas that transcend national borders and require new models of transnational governance. By bringing together the world of “tech-for-good” and the field of international studies broadly defined as the study of patterns of global change, “Global PeaceTech” fills a gap at the intersection between peace studies and global governance and promotes policy innovation at the transnational level. The paper offers an overview of this agenda in four parts: Part I starts from the IR literature and explores the relationship between technology, peace and war. Part II defines the main differences between PeaceTech and Global PeaceTech. Part III sets out a new research agenda in Global PeaceTech, introducing core analytical concepts and research methods, and discussing its potential political and societal impact. In Part IV, we conclude by presenting a series of example of relevant research areas as a reference for further research in Global PeaceTech.},
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The double-edged nature of technology pervades human history. Today, the potential for peace offered by the internet, social networks, mobile devices, digital identities, AI, blockchain, big data, geospatial information, is matched by the risks of disinformation, polarisation, online violence, surveillance, data privacy, cyber-attacks, and power concentration. Faced with this knife-edge between the bright and dark sides of disruptive technologies, how do we conjure up the better angels of our nature? Many agents for change around the world have sought to employ and regulate new technologies to foster peaceful processes under the aegis of “PeaceTech” initiatives. This paper introduces “Global PeaceTech” as a new field of social inquiry in the context of International Relations and Global Affairs, with the aim of analysing the global context in which these initiatives are embedded and interconnected, in order to draw prescriptive lessons. The deployment of technology for peace entails legal, political, economic, and ethical dilemmas that transcend national borders and require new models of transnational governance. By bringing together the world of “tech-for-good” and the field of international studies broadly defined as the study of patterns of global change, “Global PeaceTech” fills a gap at the intersection between peace studies and global governance and promotes policy innovation at the transnational level. The paper offers an overview of this agenda in four parts: Part I starts from the IR literature and explores the relationship between technology, peace and war. Part II defines the main differences between PeaceTech and Global PeaceTech. Part III sets out a new research agenda in Global PeaceTech, introducing core analytical concepts and research methods, and discussing its potential political and societal impact. In Part IV, we conclude by presenting a series of example of relevant research areas as a reference for further research in Global PeaceTech.
Anastasakis, Othon; Pratsinakis, Manolis; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Conclusion: A New Model of Diaspora Engagement? Book Chapter
In: Diaspora Engagement in Times of Severe Economic Crisis, pp. 433–442, Springer, 2022, ISBN: 978-3-030-97443-5.
@inbook{Anastasakis2022,
title = {Conclusion: A New Model of Diaspora Engagement?},
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url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/09/Conclusion_A-New-Model-of-Diaspora.pdf},
doi = {https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-97443-5_18},
isbn = {978-3-030-97443-5},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-20},
booktitle = {Diaspora Engagement in Times of Severe Economic Crisis},
pages = {433–442},
publisher = {Springer},
abstract = {Drawing on the analyses and findings of individual book contributions, this chapter revisits the book’s main research question, namely ‘how the 2009 Greek economic crisis affected patterns of engagement between homeland and diaspora?’ It argues that while no uniform type of interaction appears to have emerged in this period, the crisis reconfigured this multi-faceted and multi-actored relationship. On the one hand, the crisis revealed the limits of the previous state-centric system of engagement and, on the other, it created new spaces and networks of connectivity in the spheres of political interaction, entrepreneurship, public diplomacy, technology and civil society. As the old habits are laid bare, and new spaces are introduced, Greeks at home and abroad are progressively crafting a new model of engagement. The chapter ends on a normative note and proposes that to reach its full potential such engagement ought to rest on three principles: polycentrism, pragmatism and empowerment.},
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Drawing on the analyses and findings of individual book contributions, this chapter revisits the book’s main research question, namely ‘how the 2009 Greek economic crisis affected patterns of engagement between homeland and diaspora?’ It argues that while no uniform type of interaction appears to have emerged in this period, the crisis reconfigured this multi-faceted and multi-actored relationship. On the one hand, the crisis revealed the limits of the previous state-centric system of engagement and, on the other, it created new spaces and networks of connectivity in the spheres of political interaction, entrepreneurship, public diplomacy, technology and civil society. As the old habits are laid bare, and new spaces are introduced, Greeks at home and abroad are progressively crafting a new model of engagement. The chapter ends on a normative note and proposes that to reach its full potential such engagement ought to rest on three principles: polycentrism, pragmatism and empowerment.
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Cretan Europa’s second coming Online
2022.
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title = {Cretan Europa’s second coming},
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url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Cretan-Europas-second-coming.pdf},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-06-13},
journal = {The European Review of Books},
issue = {1},
abstract = {« Are you a citizen? » the young journalist asks me earnestly. I smile inside. Reminds me of another favorite, ‘have you stopped beating your wife?’ – yes, no, can’t win. « Sorry, no, at least not the citizen you are looking for...that would be one of the randomly chosen ones over there. »
I have never seen such a buzz in the Renaissance cluster of Badia Fiesolana, a medieval Roman Catholic monastery nested in the hills of Fiesole overlooking Florence. Not your everyday teaching day at the European University Institute: two hundred citizens have been invited from across Europe to take part in an experiment in continental democracy—the first transnational citizens’ assembly in the EU’s history. They have invaded my working space for what feels like a therapy weekend at the bedside of our aging European project. I happen to wear the hat of a so-called expert, servicing this endeavor. People of all ages and tongues are huddled in little groups or running around to stick their colored stickers over hundreds of messages pinned on the majestic building’s walls. Tomorrow, the citizens’ messages will be translated into recommendations for the EU and later their ambassadors will defend their views in Strasbourg’s European parliament hemicycle.
Today, in December 2021, these messengers are the beating heart of European politics. But for how long? To what end? Who really cares? },
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« Are you a citizen? » the young journalist asks me earnestly. I smile inside. Reminds me of another favorite, ‘have you stopped beating your wife?’ – yes, no, can’t win. « Sorry, no, at least not the citizen you are looking for...that would be one of the randomly chosen ones over there. »
I have never seen such a buzz in the Renaissance cluster of Badia Fiesolana, a medieval Roman Catholic monastery nested in the hills of Fiesole overlooking Florence. Not your everyday teaching day at the European University Institute: two hundred citizens have been invited from across Europe to take part in an experiment in continental democracy—the first transnational citizens’ assembly in the EU’s history. They have invaded my working space for what feels like a therapy weekend at the bedside of our aging European project. I happen to wear the hat of a so-called expert, servicing this endeavor. People of all ages and tongues are huddled in little groups or running around to stick their colored stickers over hundreds of messages pinned on the majestic building’s walls. Tomorrow, the citizens’ messages will be translated into recommendations for the EU and later their ambassadors will defend their views in Strasbourg’s European parliament hemicycle.
Today, in December 2021, these messengers are the beating heart of European politics. But for how long? To what end? Who really cares?
I have never seen such a buzz in the Renaissance cluster of Badia Fiesolana, a medieval Roman Catholic monastery nested in the hills of Fiesole overlooking Florence. Not your everyday teaching day at the European University Institute: two hundred citizens have been invited from across Europe to take part in an experiment in continental democracy—the first transnational citizens’ assembly in the EU’s history. They have invaded my working space for what feels like a therapy weekend at the bedside of our aging European project. I happen to wear the hat of a so-called expert, servicing this endeavor. People of all ages and tongues are huddled in little groups or running around to stick their colored stickers over hundreds of messages pinned on the majestic building’s walls. Tomorrow, the citizens’ messages will be translated into recommendations for the EU and later their ambassadors will defend their views in Strasbourg’s European parliament hemicycle.
Today, in December 2021, these messengers are the beating heart of European politics. But for how long? To what end? Who really cares?
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
‘Once in a Lifetime’? An Immanent Critique of NextGenerationEU Online
2022, visited: 01.06.2022.
@online{Nicolaidïs2022b,
title = {‘Once in a Lifetime’? An Immanent Critique of NextGenerationEU},
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url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2022/06/FL-233-3-Nicolaidis.pdf},
doi = {10.23827/BDL_2022_3},
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
CoFoE should become permanent exercise into EU legislative process Online
Vasques, Eleonora (Ed.): 2022, visited: 08.02.2022.
@online{Nicolaidïs2022,
title = {CoFoE should become permanent exercise into EU legislative process},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
editor = {Eleonora Vasques},
url = {https://www.euractiv.com/section/future-eu/interview/eleonora-cofoe-should-become-permanent-exercise-into-eu-legislative-process/},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-02-08},
urldate = {2022-02-08},
abstract = {In an interview with EURACTIV, Professor Kalypso Nicolaïdis said that Conference on the Future of Europe (CoFoE), stakeholders have done the best they can do, but to make it a permanent exercise within the EU, there needs to be room for constructive criticism.},
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In an interview with EURACTIV, Professor Kalypso Nicolaïdis said that Conference on the Future of Europe (CoFoE), stakeholders have done the best they can do, but to make it a permanent exercise within the EU, there needs to be room for constructive criticism.
Alemanno, Alberto; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Citizen Power Europe Journal Article
In: The Groundwork of European Power, RED (Revue Européenne du Droit), vol. 3, no. 1, pp. 20, 2022.
@article{Alemanno2022,
title = {Citizen Power Europe},
author = {Alberto Alemanno and Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
url = {https://papers.ssrn.com/sol3/papers.cfm?abstract_id=4000490},
year = {2022},
date = {2022-01-04},
journal = {The Groundwork of European Power, RED (Revue Européenne du Droit)},
volume = {3},
number = {1},
pages = {20},
abstract = {This article argues that if the EU is to recover its dented popularity among European publics, we need to build a European democratic ecosystem to nurture, scale and ultimate accommodate the daily competing claims of Europe’s citizens. To attain this objective, it presents and discusses three big ideas that are at the heart of the renewed EU ecosystem that we are calling for. These are: participation beyond voting; a transnational and inclusive public space; and, a democratic panopticon for greater accountability. Promisingly enough, these ideas already find reflection in the first batch of the citizens’ recommendations emerging from the Conference on the Future of Europe (CoFoE). Even if these recommendations still need to be refined through deliberation by the plenary of the CoFoE, they add up a clear and urgent message: let’s tap into our collective intelligence and democratic imagination to construct a pan-European public sphere by enhancing mutual connections, knowledge and empowerment between citizens across borders.},
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This article argues that if the EU is to recover its dented popularity among European publics, we need to build a European democratic ecosystem to nurture, scale and ultimate accommodate the daily competing claims of Europe’s citizens. To attain this objective, it presents and discusses three big ideas that are at the heart of the renewed EU ecosystem that we are calling for. These are: participation beyond voting; a transnational and inclusive public space; and, a democratic panopticon for greater accountability. Promisingly enough, these ideas already find reflection in the first batch of the citizens’ recommendations emerging from the Conference on the Future of Europe (CoFoE). Even if these recommendations still need to be refined through deliberation by the plenary of the CoFoE, they add up a clear and urgent message: let’s tap into our collective intelligence and democratic imagination to construct a pan-European public sphere by enhancing mutual connections, knowledge and empowerment between citizens across borders.
Bercero, Ignacio Garcia; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Europe’s power surplus: legal empathy and the trade/regulation nexus Book Chapter
In: Understanding the EU as a Good Global Actor, pp. 19-36, Edward Elgar Publishing, 2022.
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2021
Alemanno, Alberto; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
L’Europe Puissance Citoyenne Online
2021, visited: 31.12.2021.
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Alemanno, Alberto; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Citizen Power Europe Online
2021, visited: 31.12.2021.
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Differentiation, dominance and democratic congruence: A relational view Online
2021.
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This EU3D Research Paper tentatively explores ways of applying the differentiation lens from the EU to the global level of inter-state cooperation. Given the wide scope of this research agenda, its only ambition is to offer a few building blocks for further research on the basis of a relational view of differentiated cooperation, which starts with characterising the relations between actors rather than the actors themselves. The research paper is divided in four sections. (1) Whether differentiation is desirable and for whom if we seek to maximise democratic congruence, including vertical and horizontal non domination. (2) What types of differentiated relations constitute the landscape of forms of differentiation, presenting a relational typology consisting of selection, recognition, distinction and discretion. (3) Why delves into the many categories of causes or factors explaining why states engage in differentiation at the EU and the global level – reading functional and political drivers as indicators of patterns of relations, distinguishing in particular between states that are un-able, unwilling or unamenable when considering joining integration schemes. And finally the last section (4) How offers a few preliminary thoughts on how or under what conditions, DI/DC can pass the democratic congruence test.
Youngs, Richard; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Reversing the Democratic Gaze Online
2021.
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Alongside its traditional external democracy support, the EU needs to begin drawing on lessons and influences from other countries to help address Europe’s own democracy problems.
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Magnette, Paul
How do we fix Europe’s presidency dilemma? Online
Open Democracy 2021.
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A single president, elected by almost 500 million, would not be an appropriate solution for the EU
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
The Democratic Panopticon Online
NOEMA 2021.
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Harnessing our collective power and intelligence to create a culture of digitally enhanced citizen participation across borders.
Bercero, Ignacio Garcia; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
The power surplus: Brussels calling, legal empathy and the trade-regulation nexus Journal Article
In: EUI, Technical Report, CEPS Policy Insights, PI 2021/05, STG Report, 2021.
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abstract = {The EU may not be a superpower but it holds a ‘power surplus’ when it comes to the trade-regulatory nexus. The strategic challenges posed by the deployment of this power surplus are the subject of this paper, which argues that in order to be a responsible regulatory power and positively influence the multilateral agenda, the EU needs to develop a coherent overall approach to the external dimension of its regulatory policies. In this spirit, and in most cases, the EU would be ill advised to project itself as a model or to seek to ‘weaponise’ its regulatory powers in pursuit of unrelated foreign policy goals. Instead, it should wield this power to enhance the regulatory compatibility between its own and others’ jurisdictions through cooperation rather than relying on the passive market-based influence of the so-called Brussels effect. This is simply a way to be faithful to its core defining philosophy of legal empathy. The CEPS Policy Insight by authors Ignacio Garcia Bercero and Kalypso Nicolaides offers a typology of different forms of external EU regulatory impact, a discussion of the risks of either underuse or overuse of the regulatory power surplus, and considers the ‘good global governance’ model implied by a principled geopolitical role. It moves on to discuss a unifying conceptual framework to encompass this approach, under the umbrella of ‘managed mutual recognition’ as the operationalisation of legal empathy. It concludes with six specific suggestions as to how the EU can best exercise its regulatory power through a closer integration of trade and regulatory policies.},
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The EU may not be a superpower but it holds a ‘power surplus’ when it comes to the trade-regulatory nexus. The strategic challenges posed by the deployment of this power surplus are the subject of this paper, which argues that in order to be a responsible regulatory power and positively influence the multilateral agenda, the EU needs to develop a coherent overall approach to the external dimension of its regulatory policies. In this spirit, and in most cases, the EU would be ill advised to project itself as a model or to seek to ‘weaponise’ its regulatory powers in pursuit of unrelated foreign policy goals. Instead, it should wield this power to enhance the regulatory compatibility between its own and others’ jurisdictions through cooperation rather than relying on the passive market-based influence of the so-called Brussels effect. This is simply a way to be faithful to its core defining philosophy of legal empathy. The CEPS Policy Insight by authors Ignacio Garcia Bercero and Kalypso Nicolaides offers a typology of different forms of external EU regulatory impact, a discussion of the risks of either underuse or overuse of the regulatory power surplus, and considers the ‘good global governance’ model implied by a principled geopolitical role. It moves on to discuss a unifying conceptual framework to encompass this approach, under the umbrella of ‘managed mutual recognition’ as the operationalisation of legal empathy. It concludes with six specific suggestions as to how the EU can best exercise its regulatory power through a closer integration of trade and regulatory policies.
Merdzanovic, Adis; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Advocacy for a citizen-centric rule of law agenda: How do we bring the rule of law to life? Journal Article
In: Eur Law J. 2021;1–9., 2021.
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How do we best defend the rule of law against its attackers, both within the European Union and outside of it? Often, the rule of law has been perceived as a domain belonging to jurists, lawyers, bureaucrats, or politicians. Yet at its most fundamental, the rule of law needs to be thought of from a citizen's perspective. When enforced, it guarantees freedoms and liberties for citizens and enables us to live peacefully. In this article, we propose a citizen-centric rule of law agenda based on a deep conviction that it is if and when it becomes a citizen-based societal principle that its many attackers are best countered. We discuss the challenges and necessities of rule of law promotion and propose an assessment approach called the “living list”. We close with a call for citizen-scholars to fight for the rule of law, the most precious human invention of all time.
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Merdzanovic, Adis
A Citizen’s Guide to the Rule of Law Book
ibidem Press, 2021, ISBN: 9783838215419.
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In our daily lives, the rule of law matters more than anything and yet remains an invisible presence. We trust in the rule of law to protect us from governmental overreach, mafia godfathers, or the will of the majority. We take the rule of law for granted, often failing to recognize its demise—until it is too late. For under attack it is, not only in the growing number of authoritarian countries around the world but in Europe, too.
As a citizen’s guide, this book explains in plain language what the rule of law is, why it matters, and why we have to defend it. The starting point is to ask why EU efforts to promote the rule of law in candidate countries have succeeded or failed, and what this tells us about what is happening inside the EU. The authors move on to suggest ways of strengthening the rule of law in Europe and beyond. This book is a call to action in defense of the most precious human invention of all time.
As a citizen’s guide, this book explains in plain language what the rule of law is, why it matters, and why we have to defend it. The starting point is to ask why EU efforts to promote the rule of law in candidate countries have succeeded or failed, and what this tells us about what is happening inside the EU. The authors move on to suggest ways of strengthening the rule of law in Europe and beyond. This book is a call to action in defense of the most precious human invention of all time.
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Onar, Nora Fisher
The Decentering Agenda: Europe as A Post-Colonial Power Book Chapter
In: Gstöhl, Sieglinde; Schunz, Simon (Ed.): Studying the European Union’s External Action: Concepts, Approaches, Theories, Macmillian Academic, 2021.
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Youth as redeemer Online
LSE, Conflict and Civil Society 2021.
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Alemanno, Alberto; Mackey, Jamie; Milanese, Niccolò; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
What’s in an experiment? Opportunities and risks for the Conference on the Future of Europe Online
2021.
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2020
Azmanova, Albena; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
The rule of law: a simple phrase with exacting demands Online
Social Europe 2020.
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If the finger is to be pointed—rightly—at Hungary and Poland, then the EU must insist on compliance by all with universal norms.
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
From Oedipus to coronavirus: Homo Sapiens and the making of scapegoats Online
Open Democracy 2020, visited: 07.09.2020.
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Kant’s Mantle: Cosmopolitanism, Federalism and Constitutionalism as European Ideologies Journal Article
In: Journal of European Public Policy, vol. 27, no. 9, pp. 1307-1328, 2020.
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This article explores the ways cosmopolitanism, federalism and constitutionalism have evolved in Europe from core philosophical concepts to political programmes, and ultimately ‘ideological benchmarks’ with highly contested meanings. I identify three alternative intellectual strategies for their appropriation, and through them the appropriation of ‘Kant’s mantle’, which both reflect and affect the EU public sphere. In the process, I ask how they can serve as resources conceptually to ground a third way for Europe. First, essentialist strategies appeal to affinities with the essence of these traditions, an essence anterior to or distinct from the particular variant of the ‘state writ large’ with which they might be identified in the public and scholarly imagination. Second, composite strategies employ various modifiers to deflect criticism. Thirdly, pollination strategies retain the flavor and questions raised by the three isms without necessarily coopting their labels.
Mintz, Rabbi Adam; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Towards the Eruvian Age: Public Space in a Pandemic Online
OpenDemocracy 2020.
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Brexit negotiations: linkages need to be handled with care Online
UK in a Changing Europe 2020.
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
In praise of ambivalence - another Brexit story Journal Article
In: Journal of European Integration, vol. 42, no. 4, pp. 465-488, 2020.
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The paper offers a defence of ambivalence as a response to the political polarisation of our era using multiple languages to present its case from psychology to sociology, political science, philosophy and critical theory. It suggests that the Brexit story can be told in a different key, whereby the politics that have led to entrenching ‘leave’ and ‘remain’ identities overlay a harder to assess ambivalence about the EU both in the UK and in the EU, a dynamic referred to as the ‘Machiavelli Trap.’ Accordingly, we ought to ground the future relationship in the recognition of the ‘Brexit paradox’ (you can leave and therefore you shouldn't), and its implications for the core principles that have shaped the Brexit debate and negotiations. In the end, the paper offers a plea for a politics that allows citizens to tune into their constructive ambivalence about the fundamental tension between control and cooperation which pervades both Brexit, EU and global politics at large.
Nicolaïdis, Kalypso
Bringing Europe Back In: Global IR, Area Studies and the Decentring Agenda (as part of: Does International Relations Need Area Studies?) Journal Article
In: St Antony's International Review (STAIR), vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 197-206, 2020.
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso; Onar, Nora Fisher
The decentering agenda: A post-colonial approach to EU external action Book Chapter
In: Gstöhl, Sieglinde; Schunz, Simon (Ed.): Studying the European Union’s External Action: Concepts, Approaches, Theories, Chapter 15, Macmillian Academic, 2020.
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url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2023/01/Decentering-Textbook-Chpt-NFO-and-KN.pdf},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-00-00},
urldate = {2020-00-00},
booktitle = {Studying the European Union’s External Action: Concepts, Approaches, Theories},
publisher = {Macmillian Academic},
chapter = {15},
abstract = {Mainstream studies of European Union (EU) external action are typically Eurocentric, neglecting the perspectives of many to whom such action is directed. This chapter explores the challenges of ‘decentring’ EU external action by importing insights from post-colonial studies into what we call ‘Global EU External Action Studies’. We suggest that when it comes to the EU, the ‘post’ in post-colonialism can refer to two distinct meanings. Analytically, ‘post’-colonial practices refer to the reproduction of hierarchical logics. Normatively, ‘post’-colonialism refers to the desirable transcendence of these logics. We propose a three-step approach to decentring as strategy towards a post-colonial Europe in the second sense: ‘provincializing’ the EU’s experience, ‘engaging’ others’ views, and ‘reconstructing’ EU external action. We then turn to sites where the EU’s external relations have been characteristically Eurocentric, namely Turkey and the Middle East and North Africa. We conclude by identifying possible pathways to reconstructing relations in a ‘multilogical’ fashion.},
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Mainstream studies of European Union (EU) external action are typically Eurocentric, neglecting the perspectives of many to whom such action is directed. This chapter explores the challenges of ‘decentring’ EU external action by importing insights from post-colonial studies into what we call ‘Global EU External Action Studies’. We suggest that when it comes to the EU, the ‘post’ in post-colonialism can refer to two distinct meanings. Analytically, ‘post’-colonial practices refer to the reproduction of hierarchical logics. Normatively, ‘post’-colonialism refers to the desirable transcendence of these logics. We propose a three-step approach to decentring as strategy towards a post-colonial Europe in the second sense: ‘provincializing’ the EU’s experience, ‘engaging’ others’ views, and ‘reconstructing’ EU external action. We then turn to sites where the EU’s external relations have been characteristically Eurocentric, namely Turkey and the Middle East and North Africa. We conclude by identifying possible pathways to reconstructing relations in a ‘multilogical’ fashion.
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Reimagined Democracy in Times of Pandemic Book Chapter
In: Maduro, Miguel; Kahn, Paul (Ed.): Democracy in Times of Pandemic , Cambridge, Harvard University Press, 2020, ISBN: 1108845363.
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Lacey, Joseph; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Democracy and disintegration: Does the state of democracy in the EU put the integrity of the Union at risk? Book Chapter
In: Coman, Ramona; Crespy, Amandine; Schmidt, Vivien (Ed.): Textbook: Politics and Governance in the Post-Crisis, Cambridge University Press, 2020.
@inbook{Lacey2020,
title = {Democracy and disintegration: Does the state of democracy in the EU put the integrity of the Union at risk?},
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url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Chapter-19-PROOFS-EU-handbook-Lacey-and-Nicolaidis-2020.pdf},
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
L’ambition premiere de l’UE devrait etre de devenir la gardienne du long terme Online
France Culture 2020.
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title = {L’ambition premiere de l’UE devrait etre de devenir la gardienne du long terme},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
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year = {2020},
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Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Colonisation: l’amnésie européenne? Online
Arte’s Vox pop 2020.
@online{Nicolaidïs2020i,
title = {Colonisation: l’amnésie européenne?},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
url = {https://www.arte.tv/fr/videos/091151-029-A/vox-pop/},
year = {2020},
date = {2020-00-00},
organization = {Arte’s Vox pop},
abstract = {Si les principaux acteurs de la colonisation furent le Royaume-Uni, la France, les Pays-Bas, l’Espagne, le Portugal, l’Italie et la Belgique, l’ensemble de l’Europe en a profité sur le plan économique et financier. Face aux nombreuses exactions commises et à une décolonisation souvent sanglante, qu’en est-il du travail de mémoire et de la reconnaissance des oppressions ? Ne serait-il pas temps de s’excuser et d’indemniser, comme le réclament de plus en plus de victimes, d’historiens et de politiques ? Vox pop a mené l’enquête en Belgique, où les métis nés dans les anciennes colonies demandent réparation à l’État : ils ont été à l’époque arrachés à leur mère et victimes de ségrégation. Puis, Nora Hamadi s’entretient avec Kalypso Nicolaïdis, professeure en relations internationales à l’université d’Oxford et responsable du groupe de travail sur le colonialisme, et Bruno Sena Martins, anthropologue et professeur à l’université de Coimbra, au Portugal. Enfin, place aux correspondants de l’émission : Abdelkader Benali explique qu’aux Pays-Bas de nombreux citoyens ont encore la nostalgie de "l’empire perdu". Johannes Kulms, lui, ouvre une fenêtre sur l’Allemagne, où l’on veut cesser d’honorer d’anciens colonisateurs.},
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Si les principaux acteurs de la colonisation furent le Royaume-Uni, la France, les Pays-Bas, l’Espagne, le Portugal, l’Italie et la Belgique, l’ensemble de l’Europe en a profité sur le plan économique et financier. Face aux nombreuses exactions commises et à une décolonisation souvent sanglante, qu’en est-il du travail de mémoire et de la reconnaissance des oppressions ? Ne serait-il pas temps de s’excuser et d’indemniser, comme le réclament de plus en plus de victimes, d’historiens et de politiques ? Vox pop a mené l’enquête en Belgique, où les métis nés dans les anciennes colonies demandent réparation à l’État : ils ont été à l’époque arrachés à leur mère et victimes de ségrégation. Puis, Nora Hamadi s’entretient avec Kalypso Nicolaïdis, professeure en relations internationales à l’université d’Oxford et responsable du groupe de travail sur le colonialisme, et Bruno Sena Martins, anthropologue et professeur à l’université de Coimbra, au Portugal. Enfin, place aux correspondants de l’émission : Abdelkader Benali explique qu’aux Pays-Bas de nombreux citoyens ont encore la nostalgie de "l’empire perdu". Johannes Kulms, lui, ouvre une fenêtre sur l’Allemagne, où l’on veut cesser d’honorer d’anciens colonisateurs.
2019
Meunier, Sophie; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
The Geopoliticization of European Trade and Investment Policy Journal Article
In: JCMS, vol. 57, pp. 103-113, 2019.
@article{Meunier2019,
title = {The Geopoliticization of European Trade and Investment Policy},
author = {Sophie Meunier and Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/jcms.12932.pdf},
doi = {10.1111/jcms.12932},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-10-00},
journal = {JCMS},
volume = {57},
pages = {103-113},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
A European pivot from space to time Online
Social Europe 2019.
@online{Nicolaidïs2019,
title = {A European pivot from space to time},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
url = {https://www.socialeurope.eu/a-european-pivot-from-space-to-time/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-11},
organization = {Social Europe},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Verfassungsblog 2019.
@online{Nicolaidïs2019b,
title = {Schroedinger’s Backstop: Managed Mutual Recognition and the Compatibility Model: a Commentary on the Weiler, Sarmiento and Faull Proposal},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
url = {https://verfassungsblog.de/schroedingers-backstop/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-04},
organization = {Verfassungsblog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Verfassungsblog 2019.
@online{Nicolaidïs2019e,
title = {Schroedinger’s Backstop - Managed Mutual Recognition and the Compatibility Model: a Commentary on the Weiler, Sarmiento and Fall Proposal},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
url = {https://verfassungsblog.de/schroedingers-backstop/},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-09-00},
organization = {Verfassungsblog},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {online}
}
Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Exodus, Reckoning, Sacrifice: Three Meanings of Brexit Book
Unbound Publishers, London, 2019, ISBN: 1783528095.
@book{Nicolaidïs2019g,
title = {Exodus, Reckoning, Sacrifice: Three Meanings of Brexit},
author = {Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
url = {https://unbound.com/books/exodus-reckoning-sacrifice/},
isbn = {1783528095},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-06-27},
booktitle = {Exodus, Reckoning, Sacrifice: Three Meanings of Brexit},
pages = {488},
publisher = {Unbound Publishers},
address = {London},
abstract = {In this saga through Brexit mythology, Kalypso Nicolaidis asks what 'means' means in “Brexit means Brexit.” She offers a plea for acknowledging each other’s stories, with their many variants, ambiguities and contradictions. And in this spirit of recognition, calls for a mutually respectful, do-no-harm Brexit - the smarter, kinder and gentler Brexit possible in our hard-edged epoch of resentment and frustration.},
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In this saga through Brexit mythology, Kalypso Nicolaidis asks what 'means' means in “Brexit means Brexit.” She offers a plea for acknowledging each other’s stories, with their many variants, ambiguities and contradictions. And in this spirit of recognition, calls for a mutually respectful, do-no-harm Brexit - the smarter, kinder and gentler Brexit possible in our hard-edged epoch of resentment and frustration.
Lenz, Tobias; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
EU-topia? A critique of the European Union as a model Journal Article
In: Culture, Practice & Europeanization, vol. 4, no. 2, pp. 78-101, 2019.
@article{Nicolaidïs2019d,
title = {EU-topia? A critique of the European Union as a model},
author = {Tobias Lenz and Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Lenz_Nicolaidis-EUasamodel.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-00-00},
journal = {Culture, Practice & Europeanization},
volume = {4},
number = {2},
pages = {78-101},
abstract = {The paper critically appraises the idea, both descriptively and normatively, that the Euro- pean Union (EU) system can and should serve as a model for governance beyond its own borders. Engaging the postcolonial literature, it proposes a critical analysis of the idea, dis- course and practice of Europe-as-a-model. We argue for a problematization of the label “model” without denying the value added by EU governance for the rest of the world. We start by developing an analytical heuristic that builds on three semantic meanings of the term model and outline the challenges of interpretation and translation that are associ- ated with each. We then discuss these challenges along the Hegelian three-step of the model idea (thesis), its postcolonial antithesis and our constructive critique that seeks to steer a middle ground. We advocate greater reflexivity on the part of Europeans, that is, to systematically question assumptions behind their discourse and practice. If the cosmo- politan promise is to be retrieved from the radical critique of Eurocentricism, Europeans need to infuse the EU’s message and practice with an ethos of mutual recognition as a crucial feature of a post-colonial agenda for the EU’s role in the world.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The paper critically appraises the idea, both descriptively and normatively, that the Euro- pean Union (EU) system can and should serve as a model for governance beyond its own borders. Engaging the postcolonial literature, it proposes a critical analysis of the idea, dis- course and practice of Europe-as-a-model. We argue for a problematization of the label “model” without denying the value added by EU governance for the rest of the world. We start by developing an analytical heuristic that builds on three semantic meanings of the term model and outline the challenges of interpretation and translation that are associ- ated with each. We then discuss these challenges along the Hegelian three-step of the model idea (thesis), its postcolonial antithesis and our constructive critique that seeks to steer a middle ground. We advocate greater reflexivity on the part of Europeans, that is, to systematically question assumptions behind their discourse and practice. If the cosmo- politan promise is to be retrieved from the radical critique of Eurocentricism, Europeans need to infuse the EU’s message and practice with an ethos of mutual recognition as a crucial feature of a post-colonial agenda for the EU’s role in the world.
van Zeben, Josephine; Nicolaidïs, Kalypso
Polycentric Subsidiarity Book Chapter
In: van Zeben, Josephine; Bobić, Ana (Ed.): Polycentricity in the European Union, Cambridge University Press, 2019.
@inbook{vanZeben2019,
title = {Polycentric Subsidiarity},
author = {Josephine van Zeben and Kalypso Nicolaidïs},
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url = {https://kalypsonicolaidis.com/wp-content/uploads/2020/11/Nicolaidis-and-Van-Zeben-Polycentric-Subsidiarity.pdf},
year = {2019},
date = {2019-00-00},
booktitle = {Polycentricity in the European Union},
publisher = {Cambridge University Press},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
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}